This house belongs to the late Haj Seyyed Mohammad Taghi Posht Mashhadi and was later inherited by Mr. Nizamuddin Mojtahed Kashani (Al-Yasin).

The central system of the pool house and backyard, while simple, has a special elegance and elegance and is very beautifully designed.

The space of the house consists of one main part, including the pool house, the halls and the rooms around it on the northern front, and two symmetrical sections on both the eastern and western fronts.

The building has several entrances on the north, east and south sides, and the wall adjacent to the entrance of the house on the north front is on display.

The house consists of two general inner and outer corners. There are two platforms next to the entrance of the house, which is called “Sheikh Neshin” or “Pir Neshin".

After passing through the entrance of the house, which is called the entrance porch, we reach a covered space with rooms around and two floors, in the middle of which there is a blue pool. The whole part of the building is known as the outside. The exterior of the house has been used for daily visits, entertaining guests and accommodating travelers.

The interior of the house has a large courtyard with winter and summer living areas on either side. The right part of the yard, which is sunny, has been the winter residence of the building. The spaces of this place are covered and have a room called the seat of the house.

To the left of the courtyard is the summer residence. The spaces of this part are more open and have a beautiful porch called Shah Neshin.

Under the royal residence is the main cellar of the house. The house has several cellars. In the corner of the main cellar there are latticed windows that connect to the windshields of the house.

Al-Yasin’s house was inhabited until 1986, but in 1991 it was sold to Kashan Municipality by the fourth generation. In 1975-76, the house was rebuilt and later relocated to the Kashan municipality’s deputy for civil engineering.

Aghabzorg Mosque is one of the most spectacular attractionsof Kashan, which is located in an alley of the same name and can be easily found. This mosque is actually a complex of mosques and large schools and is attributed to Mullah Mehdi Naraghi, who was one of the Shiite imitators in the past and was known as Aghabzorg. This building is used both by the public and by students. The cornerstone of this mosque was laid by a pious man named Haj Mohammad Taghi Khanban and his son in the 13th century AH and the time of its construction coincided with the reign of Mohammad Shah Qajar.

What makes this mosque spectacular are the exquisite decorations and elements used in it that dazzle every eye. From Mogharnas work in the mosque to delicate plastering and eye-catching tiling, all and sundry have attracted the attention of this mosque and hosted tourists. Agha Bozorg Mosque is also the only five-story mosque in the Islamic world, and this multiplies its importance. Also in this mosque, several films and TV and cinema series have been made, among which we can mention Toghi, Ayaran and Mulla Sadra.

History of Aghabzorg Mosque
It was in 1221 AH and coincided with the reign of Mohammad Shah Qajar that Haj Mohammad Taghi Khanban decided to establish a place for public congregational prayer and classroom and discussion of his son-in-law, Mullah Mehdi Naraghi. He considered a point in Kashan and after 8 years, he gave the Aqabzorg Mosque to the people in 1227, coinciding with the first years of Nasser al-Din Shah’s reign. Dates related to the years 1263, 1264, 1268 AH, ie around the years 1225, 1226 and 1230 AH, can be seen in the inscriptions in the nave of the nave, inside the nave under the dome, the shrine (1) of the altar and the entrance of the mosque, and the background This mosque is approved.

Some believe that the present-day Aghabzorg Mosque was built on remnants of the 1157 solar earthquake or earlier, which belonged to earlier periods. Experts say there are signs that the nave of the mosque’s 40 north pillars was built on the remains of a monastery, mosque, mausoleum and Khajeh Tajuddin school. They say that the nave was later merged with the mosque and the adjacent school, and is an example of the coordination and connection of the two buildings side by side.

The 40 western columns of the mosque’s dome are the most important building that was later added to the main part and the dome of the house; But it did damage to its architectural features. The architect of the mosque had designed the dome to have an open space on all four sides so that in the summer of the desert desert, the air would flow around it and the would be natural. This clever plan of the architect was destroyed during the time of Hajj Mullah Taghi Mohammad Ali Naraghi, the son of Aghabzorg, during the construction of the western nave of the dome, because the building was limited on one side.

The changes in the mosque did not end there, and in the following years, changes were made in some parts, especially the doors and windows of the different parts of the complex. These sections were: 2 rooms of the upper earrings (3) which were located on both sides of the main porch of the dome and 4 rooms of the upper house which are located above the entrance door.

In these changes, the sunroof doors and windows (4) were removed and replaced with doors with two semicircles. These types of gates had no place in Iranian architecture and have been used since the return of Nasser al-Din Shah from his second trip to Europe in 1295 AH.

The distance between Gonbadkhaneh and Shabestan Gharbi was separated by 3 wooden nets that had high sash; But after a while, they were destroyed by termites and inevitably replaced by metal doors. In recent years, the National Organization for the Protection of Antiquities has used wooden and sash doors to replace the facade of the mosque with metal doors. The doors and windows of the lattice and upstairs of the lower floor school were also destroyed by termite attacks, which have been restored in recent years.

The name of this work has been included in the list of national monuments of the country since December 1, 1961, number 382, ​​and it is considered one of the valuable works of our country. The current expenses of the mosque and its maintenance are also covered by the Waqfs; They have donated some of their property to spend the proceeds on the Aghabzorg Mosque.

On the way to Marnjab …

First of all, it is better to know that Marnjab desert is located approximately 48 km north of Aran and Bidgol cities in Isfahan province, which is a part of the big desert of Rig dam and is located in its west. Maranjab is bounded on the north by the Salt Lake, also known as the Aran and Bidgol Salt Lake and the Masileh Salt Lake, and is located at an altitude of 850 meters above sea level.

Maranjab Desert is located in the north of Aran and Bidgol, which is 4 km from Kashan in the vast province of Isfahan. Sultan and Hoz Marah and finally to Aran and Bidgol cities from the south.

It is said that the name of this desert was chosen by Shah Abbas Safavid. Some also say that digging wells and aqueducts and reaching fresh water in the desert has been a very arduous and difficult task, which is why it was formerly called the “man of water suffering", which gradually changed to Marnjab.

You may think that the desert is a dry, waterless and grassy area, but it is not bad to know that due to the presence of water and proper food, this desert has animal and even rich vegetation. The presence of animals such as wolves, jackals, sand foxes, chameleons, lizards, hyenas, snakes, lizards and scorpions, birds such as eagles and hawks, as well as plants such as turkeys, arches, eagles, scorpions, scissors and cattle tails confirm this claim. There has even been a pair of cheetahs in recent years.

High sandy hills, arched forests, salt lakes and the beautiful night sky are also among the attractions of this desert

Wandering Island is another natural attraction of the desert, which is located on Lake Masile. Of course, this place is not what we expect from the name of the island, because it is surrounded by salt marshes instead of water. However, at certain times of the year, due to the rainfall around it, the water rises by about two to five centimeters and gives it a beautiful appearance. This has led indigenous peoples to believe that the place is moving and moving, hence the name Wandering Island. The island is located five kilometers from the cities of Aran and Bidgol.

Aran and Bidgol salt lakes are located 35 km from the city and with an area of ​​about 647 square kilometers is one of the best attractions of Marnjab desert. Of course, the lake is dry and salty for most of the year, however, after rain and water evaporation, you can encounter interesting scenes such as geometric shapes from salt deposits, which are not without experience.

Both of these points carry risks such as salt marshes that need to be taken very seriously. Among the attractions of this desert, in addition to the above, you can visit the salt mines of Kanjeh Chah, the Maranjab Caravanserai (built by order of Shah Abbas), the Dastkan Chah (believed to be dug by the eighth Shiite Imam), Rig Boland, Kolang Mountain, Karshahi Castle. He mentioned Yakhab Mountain and Matinabad Camp.

There are different routes to reach and cross the Marnjab Desert, each with its own attractions. However, if you plan to travel to this place by car, we recommend that you take the main route (Aran and Bidgol). Of course, you can travel from other routes, but this requires two-differential cars and complete and sometimes expensive equipment, as well as a very skilled guide.

Maranjab Caravanserai

Maranjab Caravanserai is located on a hill next to which there is a spring and freshwater aqueduct. This brick caravanserai was built as a resting place for caravans that intended to travel on the Silk Road communication route. Entering the Caravanserai, we encounter a yard measuring 20 by 30 meters, which is surrounded by 29 rooms. In the corners of this caravanserai, there are 6 towers that are intended for guarding and protecting the building. The plan of Maranjab Caravanserai, which is square in shape, is very similar to the buildings of Ain al-Rasheed and Bahram Siah Kuh Palace.

Marnjab Caravanserai has now become a tourist base. There is a traditional dining room inside that serves. It is also possible for travelers to stay overnight in the caravanserai rooms. The caravanserai rooms are for 10 and 15 people, and travelers and desert climbers can choose according to their needs. Welfare facilities such as private bathrooms and toilets are also provided for each room.

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On the way to Marnjab …

First of all, it is better to know that Marnjab desert is located approximately 48 km north of Aran and Bidgol cities in Isfahan province, which is a part of the big desert of Rig dam and is located in its west. Maranjab is bounded on the north by the Salt Lake, also known as the Aran and Bidgol Salt Lake and the Masileh Salt Lake, and is located at an altitude of 850 meters above sea level.

Sialk Hills

About five years ago, with the floods in Kashan, a large, multi-thousand-year-old civilization was discovered, which surprised everyone. At that time, due to the ignorance of the people, the profiteers began to overthrow the hill and loot its ancient objects. Until one year, a French team from the Louvre Museum headed by Roman Gershman left for Iran, and by the eighth year, they had excavated these hills and obtained valuable artifacts.

Sialk after Jiroft Kerman is one of the historical places in which written documents belonging to the pre-Achaemenid period have been found. And the sun and iron weapons and swords and long spears have been found. Nearly five thousand years ago, the cave dwellers of the Iranian plateau turned to the plains after climate change. The oldest people in the plains were the Sialk people near Kashan. A civilization 3 years old!

Sialk Hill is actually a ziggurat or temple of the ancient people, which is built in the form of a brick and solid structure. Two cemeteries and a number of human bone have been found in them. The second phase of exploration in this area was carried out under the supervision of Dr. Shahmizadi, who achieved new results:

Ziggurat Sialk

Silkworkers Sialk

Hunter Sialk

The discovered houses all had walls lined with mud, and the dead were buried under the floor of the rooms, which did not have carpet bricks or paving stones.

 One of the highlights of this area is the millennial pottery fragments on the ground. Also, finding spinning spindles shows the textile and textile industry in this region.

With the discovery of metal smelting furnaces in the southern part of the hill, the city of Silk can be considered one of the most industrial cities of that time. In archeological excavations, Silk civilization is divided into six periods:

The first and second periods are related to the oldest people of the northern hill, which is about 3,000 years old. They lived in temporary huts and built their huts with reeds and twigs and covered them with mud. After a long time, the houses were built with porcelain walls and in the second period with handmade bricks. Probably the people of the northern hills baked their dishes in the kiln.

In the second period, geometric patterns and animals and plants were used on the dishes. The people of this period were engaged in shepherding and farming, and by finding and extracting natural copper stones, they began to make ornaments. They buried their dead in the open, covering their bodies with a thin layer of azalea solution and gifts under their floors.

In the third period, that is, three years ago, the inhabitants of the northern hill moved to the southern hills and formed their houses with rectangular bricks. In the middle of this period, people used pottery wheels and baked pottery in the kiln. Human motifs can be seen on them. During this period, silk artisans learned how to extract silver from ore and made their ornaments and tools out of silver. One of the most important cultural phenomena at the end of the third period was the use of flat seals.

In the fourth period, which is 3,000 years ago, the urbanization period begins. The emergence of calligraphy and writing is primary. During this period, cylindrical seals engraved with animal forms were widely used, which is a sign of commercial prosperity during this period.

The fifth period, which is 5 years ago, is the period of migration of new immigrants. The most important achievement of this period is the making of pottery in gray, and the culture of burial was done in separate cemeteries.

The sixth period, which ranges from the 5th to the 8th years, is flattened and the graves are dug into the hills, some of which are covered with carved stones or large bricks, which probably indicates the status of the dead. .
Funeral pottery that is used for burial is one of the characteristics of this period. The geographical position of this hill is located in the southwestern side of this city and on the right side of Kashan-Fin road, ie Amirkabir street. Has been. Cemetery B is 6 years old and is located under the farms and gardens of the western side of the hill. Kashan Sialk Hill is included in the list of historical and national monuments of Iran on September 2, 2006 with the number 2 and in the list of temporary temporary monuments in the world. has taken.

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